Diagnosing the Problem

• It is important to find the cause of the injury in order to apply the correct treatment. In addition to bone, the thumb contains ligaments on the sides and underneath each joint. Bending the thumb against these joints can cause stretching, tearing, or rupture of these ligaments. As a general rule, if the victim does not appear to be in much pain and is able to move the thumb freely, you may assume that no rupture or fracture exists. In this case, splint the thumb as described below and allow time for the tendons to heal. You may also want to apply ice to reduce any inflammation. If there is significant bruises or swelling, severe pain, numbness, or if the victim is unable to move the thumb, you should have the injury assessed by a medical professional.
  
  

Precautions

• Splinting is a good idea in most situations. It will keep the joints and ligaments in place during the healing process, and if you decide to see a doctor it will prevent further injury while you are on your way. However, if the pain is too intense or the thumb is or can be bent against the joints, splinting could make the problem worse. In this case, simply elevate the hand and see a doctor right away.
  
  

Splinting

• Splinting a thumb works best with tape, but a cloth bandage can also be used. Start at the inside of the wrist and wrap around the back and over the webbing between the thumb and forefinger. Continue across the palm and over the back of the wrist. Cut the tape or bandage and secure it in place. Now, take shorter strips and secure them, starting at the back of the hand, around the thumb to the palm, starting at the thumb's base. Apply as many of these strips as necessary to secure the thumb in place against the index finger. Ensure that the thumb cannot be moved easily.