Why the Stock Market Crashed in 1929

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    Causes

    • There were several reasons for the 1929 stock market crash: overvalued stocks, low margin requirements (10 percent), interest rate hikes and poor banking structures.

    The Facts

    • The stock market crash took place over a period of two weeks in October 1929. with three days referred to as Black Thursday (Oct. 24); Black Monday (Oct. 28); and Black Tuesday (Oct. 29).

    History

    • In the decade before the crash, the stock market boomed, with stocks more than quadrupling in value.

    Results

    • During the week beginning Oct. 28, 1929, stocks lost a total of $30 billion in value.

    Reforms

    • In the wake of the stock market crash of 1929 and subsequent Great Depression, agencies and legislation were enacted to avoid future financial collapses: The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), The Glass-Steagall Act, which separated commercial and investment banking; and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to insure individual bank accounts for up to $100,000.

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