The Applications of Solar Cells
There are many types of solar panels such as solar panels 500w, 140w solar panel, 20w solar panel and so on, all of them are composed of solar cells. Solar cells are often electrically connected and encapsulated as a module. Photovoltaic modules often have a sheet of glass on the front side, allowing light to pass while protecting the semiconductor wafers from abrasion and impact due to wind-driven debris, rain, hail, etc. Solar cells are also usually connected in series in modules, creating an additive voltage. Connecting cells in parallel will yield a higher current; however, very significant problems exist with parallel connections. For example, shadow effects can shut down the weaker parallel string (a number of series connected cells) causing substantial power loss and even damaging the weaker string because of the excessive reverse bias applied to the shadowed cells by their illuminated partners.
Recently years, save energy become a popular topic and people would like to use solar energy more and most of them would like to buy wholesale solar panel that it saves money. Strings of series cells are usually handled independently and not connected in parallel, special paralleling circuits are the exceptions. Although modules can be interconnected to create an array with the desired peak DC voltage and loading current capacity, using independent MPPTs (maximum power point trackers) provides a better solution. In the absence of paralleling circuits, shunt diodes can be used to reduce the power loss due to shadowing in arrays with series/parallel connected cells.
To make practical use of the solar-generated energy, the electricity is most often fed into the electricity grid using inverters (grid-connected photovoltaic systems); in stand-alone systems, batteries are used to store the energy that is not needed immediately. Solar panels can be used to power or recharge portable devices.
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