- Linux places an emphasis on security by prohibiting changes to system files without the express permission of the user. If a virus were to infiltrate a Linux system the user would receive a pop-up or other form of notification when it attempts to act on the system. That is not to say that there are no viruses that are capable of defeating these security measures. Still, the fact remains that there are several thousands of viruses designed to attack Windows, and only a handful for Linux. Contrary to popular belief, the reason for this is not that Windows is far more popular, but that Linux is inherently more secure.
- While Linux is designed to be self sufficient when it comes to security, Windows requires the assistance of third-party applications to remain secure. Windows Defender, a free add-on for Windows, provides protection against spyware and other forms of malware, but will not in itself protect against viruses such as the infamous Conficker worm. Microsoft does, however, provide numerous patches and updates that remove vulnerabilities as they are discovered. One of the largest targets for computer viruses is the Windows registry. This is a system file that stores configuration settings. If a computer virus infiltrates Windows and gains access to the registry, it can render the operating system inoperable.
- There are several key differences between the two operating systems. Perhaps the most relevant, and the primary reason for Linux's superior security, is the fact that Linux's code is available to all. At first glance, this may seem a vulnerability. However, the visibility of the source code means that vulnerabilities are found and dealt with quickly. In fact, with a worldwide community of coders driving Linux development, they are dealt with far faster than any potential hacker could create viruses with which to take advantage of them. In addition to this, Windows is a much more popular and user-friendly operating system. With more people using it, hackers and other cyber-criminals have more to gain from attacking Windows.
- Windows can be adequately protected with the use of an up-to-date anti-virus program, a firewall program, Windows Defender and frequent updates. There are both free security solutions for Windows and commercial products. Commercial products typically come with more customization and more features. Each of the above components are equally important in securing Windows. Most, if not all, Linux distributions come with a built-in firewall, and this may be all that most Linux users ever need. This is not to say that a virus could not be developed that would be able to undermine Linux's security features, but there is little monetary incentive for cyber-criminals to do so.
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