- The insulating ability of various materials in rated according to R-value. R-value represents the thermal resistance of a material, with higher values corresponding to more effective insulators. According to the US Department of Energy, homeowners should strive to achieve an R-value between 15 and 21 in exterior walls depending on the climate zone. It's important to understand that the specified R-value of a material is only valid if the material is used properly. For example, adding too much insulation in a small space will reduce the material's ability to insulate.
- Fiberglass batts are the most widely used material for insulating walls. They are relatively inexpensive and offer an R-value between 3 and 4 per inch of thickness. These batts, or blankets, are cut to fit between wall framing members and come in faced or unfaced varieties. Rigid foam has roughly twice the R-value of fiberglass and is also less likely to sag or fail over time. It is made from extruded polyurethane or polystyrene sheets and is typically more expensive than batt insulation. To install insulation in existing walls, look for spray foam applications. This material is sprayed into small holes in the walls. It slowly expands to fill the entire space, making it a very effective insulator as little space is left for air leaks. Spray foam insulation has roughly the same R-value as rigid foam.
- Wall insulation can provide a number of benefits to homeowners. It can help reduce drafts and improve comfort levels while absorbing sound to reduce noise levels. Because less air is escaping through the walls, heating and cooling systems don't have to work as hard. This can lead to lower utility bills as well as reduced energy-related emissions. A more efficient heating and cooling system also tends to have a longer lifespan and require less maintenance.
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